When setting up direct deposit for your paycheck or linking a bank account to pay bills online, you’ll need to provide the correct routing number. But with multiple routing numbers printed on checks and listed on bank websites, how do you know which one to use? We’ll explain the different types of routing numbers and when to use each one.
What is a routing number?
A routing number is a 9-digit code that identifies a financial institution. It’s like the institution’s ID number. When you send money from one bank to another, the routing number tells the system where to direct the money.
Routing numbers are sometimes also called “ABA routing transit numbers” or “RTNs.” ABA stands for the American Bankers Association, which assigns the numbers. So an “ABA routing number” and a “routing number” refer to the same 9-digit code.
Where do I find my routing number?
Routing numbers are available in a few places:
- The bottom of your checks: Look for a 9-digit number to the left of your account number. This is your checks routing number.
- Your bank’s website: Most bank sites list the routing number on their contact page or under account info.
- Your online banking account: Log in to online banking to find the routing number for your account(s).
- Your bank mobile app: Download your bank’s app and check your account details to see the routing number.
- By calling your bank: A customer service representative can provide your routing number over the phone if needed.
Types of routing numbers
There are a few different kinds of routing numbers, including:
Wire transfer routing number
This is the routing number you use for wire transfers through services like Western Union. It directs the money to the correct Federal Reserve Bank.
ACH routing number
ACH stands for Automated Clearing House. This routing number is for authorizing direct deposits and bank transfers. It’s the number you use when setting up direct deposit or linking bank accounts to pay bills.
Checks routing number
This is the routing number printed on your checks, to the left of your account number. It’s the number the check processor uses to identify your bank.
Variations between routing numbers
While they look identical in format, not all routing numbers are interchangeable.
Many major banks have different wire transfer routing numbers and ACH routing numbers. Smaller banks may have just one routing number for everything. Check with your bank to see if you need to use specific numbers for different purposes.
The checks routing number is always different from the wire and ACH routing numbers. You cannot use the routing number from a check for anything other than processing checks.
When do I use each routing number?
Routing Number Type | When To Use It |
---|---|
Wire transfer routing number | Sending or receiving wire transfers |
ACH routing number | Setting up direct deposit or bank transfers |
Checks routing number | Only for processing checks |
Wire transfers
Use your wire transfer routing number for:
- Wiring money domestically through Western Union, MoneyGram, etc.
- Wiring money internationally through remittance transfer services
- Receiving wire transfers into your bank account
This number directs the money through the Federal Reserve’s wire network to get it where it needs to go quickly and securely.
Direct deposit & online payments
Use your ACH routing number for:
- Setting up direct deposit of your paycheck
- Paying bills automatically from your bank account
- Transferring funds between your accounts or to other people
- Linking bank accounts on PayPal, Venmo, etc.
The ACH network utilizes this number to process bank transfers and direct deposits securely.
Checks
The checks routing number is only for use with physical check payments. When you write a check, the recipient submits it to their bank for processing. The system uses that item’s routing number to identify your bank and deposit the funds.
How do I choose? Tips for finding the right routing number
When setting up a new payment link or transfer option, double check that you’re using the correct routing number for that purpose.
Here are some tips:
- Carefully read any setup instructions – they often specify if you need the ACH or wire routing number
- Check the details in your online banking account – this should list routing numbers for different functions
- Look on your bank’s contact or about page for a routing number directory
- Call your bank if you’re unsure – ask which routing number is for the type of transaction
Using the wrong routing number may result in delayed or rejected payments, so it’s worth taking an extra minute to confirm you have the right one.
The bottom line
Routing numbers process payments by directing funds to the correct bank. While they all look similar, certain numbers are meant for specific transactions.
Use wire transfer routing numbers only for wire transfers, ACH routing numbers for direct deposits and bank transfers, and checks routing numbers solely for processing paper checks.
Checking your bank’s website or calling a customer service representative can help identify the right routing number for your needs. Taking an extra moment to confirm can save you headaches down the road.